01 May, 2014 – Episode 462 – This Week in Science

May 2nd, 2014
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Thinking Tooth, Girls Are No Dummies, Neanderthals Not Dummies, Super Mites, Safe-bee In Numbers, Dogs Dig Therapy, Scientist Sex Results, More Mars Water, Migration Good, The Brain Barrier, CO For Seals, Spider Acrobats, 3D Lisa, And Much More…

Disclaimer disclaimer disclaimer
Across much of the northern hemisphere, spring has sprung.
A new year of science is blossoming.
The seeds of hypothesis previously planted in the minds of researchers are sprouting up everywhere.
From garden variety cosmology to farm town physics, from landscape laboratories to greenhouse climatology.
Knowledge is growing, greening and blooming like never before.
A may day basket of flowering findings for us all up ahead on
This Week in Science,
Coming up next…

Neanderthals were no dummies

Thinking tooth

Girls are no dummies

Super Mites!
There’s a new fastest animal in town, and it is a small mite that can run the human equivalent of 1300 miles per hour.

Safe-bee in numbers
Just like humans walking through a bad neighborhood, bees land on perilous plants to pollinate when there are others around.

Therapy does not stress out dogs
Lots of studies have looked at how therapy dogs help patients, but how do the dogs respond to the job? Aparently, they don’t mind it, at all.

Does the sex of the scientist affect your results?!
When mice in a pain study had a male or the scent of a male researcher in the room, the results got skewed… NOW can we get more women in science?!

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More water on mars

Is migration good or bad?
It turns out, migration might actually help control the spread of disease. Instead of dispersing the disease to new environments, having animals leave crowded areas and culling out those too sick to travel could reduce the spread of pathogens throughout a species.

Putting one past the brain… barrier

Carbon Monoxide could be good for you…
If you are an elephant seal!

Cartwheeling spiders!

Leo was working in 3D!

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24 April, 2014 – This Week in Science – Episode 461

April 29th, 2014
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Mann’s Email Protected, Stem Cell Clones, All In The Brain, Monkeys Do Math, It’s A Lifestyle, Reversed And Long, Brains On Space, Microbes On Money, Microbiome Diversity, Cow Poop Dangers, Rural Dirt Good, Yawning As Cooling, Calorie Restriction Efficiency, Quacks, Drops, Impacts, And Much More…

Disclaimer disclaimer disclaimer
The world is nuts…
You’ve seen it, I’ve seen it, we’ve all seen it…
We’ve all been there…
Reading the news, looking at images of what goes on and thinking
to ourselves…
This makes no sense, the world has gone mad…
While research into the madness of the world is on going
The main reason for it is clear enough at this point…
It’s the people, people…
If you take an average of sanity across the animal kingdom
it becomes obvious that we humans are the most insane thing this world has ever
seen…
And with great insanity comes great responsibility
How we utilize the unbridled insanity of a sentient mind
will determine the fate of the future for our planet… and one day, maybe, if we
are insane enough to try… other planets as well…
But in the meantime we can focus our attention to a crazy
little thing called
This week in Science…
Coming up next…

Mann’s Email Protected
Virginia’s Supreme Court ruled that climate researcher, Michael Mann’s, university emails are proprietary and therefore not subject to the Freedom of Information Act.

Stem Cell Clones
Researchers at American research institutions in an experiment funded by the government of South Korea produced stem cell clones from the skin cells of 35 and 75 year-old men. While not a breakthrough, the report shows that it is possible to create stem cells from adult cells for therapeutic purposes.

It’s all in the brain
Bigger brains have better self control

Reversed sex organs in cave insects
Insects found in a cave in Brazil have the opposite sex organs, or gynosomes. But why?

Monkeys do math!
Rhesus monkeys in Harvard have been trained to do simple addition. Yes, that monkey is smarter than you…

It’s a lifestyle…
Female tarantulas are born to cannibalise males, not pushed to do it due to environmental factors. You’re either into it, or not!

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space is bad for brains
A subset of rats dosed with simulated space radiation suffered dysfunction in their dopamine transport system. Some recovered while others did not. The results have implications for astronauts traveling beyond our planet.

Microbes On My Money
New York money is filled up with over 3000 species of bacteria!

Microbiome Diversity
Your bacteria as an adult are determined by factors you would never expect, like education level.

Cow Poop Dangers
A review of 5 cow manure samples found a surprising diversity of genes for antibiotic resistance. At this point, the genes are only distantly related to the genes for resistance in humans, but there are concerns that resistance could jump via gene transfer. Future studies will investigate this possibility.

rural dirt is good for you
More research suggests that exposure to country dirt is good for your health.

Yawning as Brain Cooling
Researchers observed more yawning during the summer than in winter suggesting that maybe yawning is a mechanism for brain cooling.

Calorie Restriction Efficiency
A biologist suggests that perhaps caloric resitriction works in order to maximize metabolic efficiency and continued reproduction during famine.

Deep Sea Whale Quacks
A sound from the deep sea that has been unidentified since the 1960’s was finally identified by whale researchers as emanating from Minke whales.

Longest-Running Experiment
An experiment that has been running for 114 years just saw its first success, a drop of pitch was finally observed falling. Each of the other 8 drops were missed.

LADEE’s Impact
NASA’s LADEE mission to the moon finished in an unobserved impact on the far-side of the moon last week. The mission functioned to study the lunar atmosphere, and did not have enough fuel to continue to orbit the moon indefinitely.

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17 April, 2014 – Episode 460 – This Week in Science

April 18th, 2014
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Science And Future, Climate Options Report, New Habitable Earth?, Teenage Menace, Smelly Lemurs, Identical Smells, Mussel Egg Smell, Mimic One Trait, Neander Shushing, Rage Against Machines, Greenland Was Green, A Historical Gut, And, Much More…

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This Week in Science
Coming Up Next…

Public Science Opinions
A new Pew research survey is out, and it looks like people are really into what science and tech have to offer, but are afraid that we will let it take over our lives.

What to do about climate change?
The IPCC has released the final chapter in its report, which lays out options that public officials have to enable a 2 degree decrease in global temperature by century’s end.

New habitable Earth?
An Earth-sized planet has been found by Kepler in the habitable zone of a distant star.

Menace to society
How do we get teenaged drivers to be less distracted while behind the wheel. A new study shows that people really have no idea.

Smelly Stuff!
Lemurs can match a scent to a voice!
Twins smell the same.
Invertebrates foreshadow their children’s fitness with the pheremones on their eggs

It’s not how good your mimicry is, it’s how you use it…
Predators single out certain aspects of animals to indicate they are not worht trying to eat. So maybe you don’t resemble a poisonous bug at all, but if you are the right color, you’re golden!

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Neander shushing
Humans shared most of our genome with Neanderthals. However, research into the epigenome suggests that which very different gene populations were turned on or off in our ancestral cousins.

Rage Against The Machine
Researchers used a frustrating task to locate the “rage circuit” in our brains. Also, frustration during game play leads to aggression by players, not necessarily aggressive content.

Greenland was green
… once.

Finding A Historical Gut
Researchers from Duke University find that a non-industrial tribal group called the Hazda have a drastically different gut microbiota than what is currently considered normal for Westerners.

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10 April, 2014 – Episode 459 – This Week in Science

April 14th, 2014
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Ocean On Enceladus, Hubble Sees Farther, Spinal Electrification, Vagina Lab, Organ Regeneration, Liquored Up And In The Mood, Lonely Death, Brave Stupid Fish, Neander Parenting, AntiBac Soap Smackdown, Cloudy Coughs, World Robot Domination, And Much More…

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This Week in Science
Coming Up Next…

Oceans on Enceladus!
A big old ocean has been found under the frozen surface of Saturn’s moon.

Hubble Sees Farther
Using a distant galaxy and the mathematical concept of trigonometric parallax, astronomers have developed a method to allow Hubble to see up to 10 times further away.

Spinal Movements!
Four paralyzed individuals were able to make limited movements at various joints when physical therapy was paired with electric stimulation to the spine suggesting that recovery from paralysis might be possible.

Vajayay farm?
Vaginas constructed from a structural lattice and patients’ tissues were shown to be fully functional when implanted.

First Animal Organ Regeneration
The thymus gland was fully regenerated using chemical signals for growth in mice.

Prarie Voles get in the mood with the aid of liquid courage
Prarie Voles are monogamous, as opposed to their cousin, the montane vole. This appears to be due to oxytocin and vasopressin receptors in the brain. However, when they imbibe alcohol, men get more promiscuous, and women get more faithful. What’s more, they have peer pressure!

Being lonely could shorten your lifespan
African grey parrots housed in isolation had significantly shorter telomeres, potentially leading to a shorter lifespan. Maybe it’s time to go speed dating?

Fish that use both sides of their brain are more brave
Fish that had lateralization of the brain (like right or left handedness) were more hesitant in ominous circumstances, whereas the fish without a brain side preference were bolder. Usually lateralization is related to a higher IQ, so is the bravery actually just stupidity?

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We did it… and Neander parenting
Research shows more and more definitively that humans interbred with neandertals. Also, the neanderthal race were surprisingly doting parents.

Antibac Soap Suds
Triclosan found in hand soaps promoted bacterial growth in the noses of some individuals, and might contribute to infection.

Cough And Cloud
Cover your mouth when you cough or sneeze. The cloud of vapor and microbes that results sticks around and travels further than we thought.

A Robot’s Gaze
Eye-contact is found to be important in making people like robots. Staring or inappropriately timed eye movements make people uncomfortable when dealing with humanoid robots.

Bots and Roaches
Harvard University scientists created nanobots made of DNA and injected them into cockroaches as drug delivery tools.

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03 April, 2014 – Episode 458 – This Week in Science

April 7th, 2014
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NASA Disses Russia, Old Man Moon, Not So Wet, Vibrators For Health, Spidey Smell, No More Whaling, Bowerbird Color Show, Fraudulent Or Genius, Low Cal Life, 7 Undeadly Portions, Middle-Fauna, Meatless Mondays, Hype For D, Snow No Water, Bionic Roo, And Much More…

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This Week in Science
Coming Up Next…

NASA Disses Russia
NASA suspends direct relations with Russia over tensions in the Ukraine. The suspension will immediately affect NASA’s space and science efforts. However, ISS activities are still allowed.

The Moon is old!
Using models of solar system formation and rare elements in the Earth’s crust, researchers constrained the impact that formed the moon to 95 million years after planets in our system started condensing, plus or minus 30 million years. So, probably some 4 million years ago.

Less Lunar Water?
A new analysis of the formation of hydrogen-rich apatite, the mineral that has us thinking there is lots of water on the moon, suggests that the moon may be quite dry.

Take two vibrators and call me in the morning

Spiders smell compatible women!
St. Andrew spiders can smell if a female has already mated twice and hence is clogged up. If he didn’t know, he could get eaten for coming too close!

Japan ordered to stop whaling for “science”
Japan claims it was for research, but they have killed thousands of whales and only publishd two papers. The have finally been told to knock it off.

Male bowerbirds know how to stand out in a crowd
Bowerbirds have figured out how to use color spectrums to their advantage, by making the bower highlight their brightest features.

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Obokata
Messy genius or science fraudster?

Cut Calories, Live Longer?
Macaque monkeys on calorie restriction live 30% longer than those on an unrestricted diet, according to a new study out in Nature. But, it might not be a simple issue of calories in versus calories out, rather how lean you are to start with and how your body deals with certain foods might be at play.

7 undeadly portions

How do you wire a mouse?

Baby brain map

Meat and dairy adding more than we thought to climate change
If we are to meet to UN’s agressive climate change quota of 2 degrees celcius, we need to cut down on the meat and cheese.

It’s not the megafauna, it’s the middle-fauna!
Middle-sized animals are most vulnerable to extinction, a new study shows. We had forgotten to include predators in our models!

Don’t Need D?
Meta-review found no real benefit to taking Vitamin D supplements. However, 3rd trimester D levels in mothers did correlate to higher birth weight in babies.

Snow but no water

Bionic Roo for you!

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27 March, 2014 – Episode 457 – This Week in Science

April 2nd, 2014
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Far Out Space Stuff, Meddling With Methane, Smart Crows, Shrinking Salamanders, Stupid Pandas, Natural History Needs You!, MindReading Is Real, Synthetic Chromosomes,Homeopathetic Remedies, And Much More…

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This Week in Science
Coming Up Next…

Ringed Asteroid!
A relatively small, rocky asteroid lying between Saturn and Uranus, named Chariklo, is encircled by two rubble-filled rings. The finding of which overturns the idea that only planets wear jewelry. Researchers think there must be a small shepherd moon responsible for maintaining the structures since the asteroid with its minimal gravity would have a difficult time doing so on its own.

New Distant Member of Solar System Found
Taking a look at the Oort cloud isn’t easy to do because it is billions of miles from Earth. Even so, astronomers have found an object known as 2012 VP113, nicknamed Biden after the Vice President of the US, that measures approximately 450km in diameter, and orbits eccentrically with a perihelion of 80 astronomical units, or that is to say that the closest it gets to the sun is 80 times the Earth’s distance from the Sun. The discovery makes it the second object (the first was Sedna) to confirm the existence of the inner Oort cloud, and has scientists wondering if there might be another even larger object orbiting out beyond Neptune.

Crows are Smart
Crows understand causal relationships as well as a 7-year-old human child. That Aesop’s fable with the bucket and the pebbles? All true.

Climate Change is shrinking salamanders!
Higher temperatures mean cold-blooded animals have to eat more, and use more energy, leaving less to grow. Salamanders in North America are shrinking at a similar rate to climate change.

Stupid Pandas…
Pandas aren’t fat and lazy enough… they love sugar water, too. But seriously, this is important research! Listen!

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Faces From Brains
Yale University neuroscientists used fMRI and computation to “mind-read” and reconstruct images of faces people saw.

Building a Synthetic Yeast
An international team of researchers have replaced a chromosome within the yeast genome with a completely synthetic one. The man-made chromosome is sleeker, with 15% fewer genes than the original, and also potentially allows for the organism to translate synthetic amino acids into proteins.

Homeopathy Watch:
This makes my head hurt.

Vote for your favorite space suit!

Milk
doesn’t make you snotty

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20 March, 2014 – Episode 456 – This Week in Science

March 31st, 2014
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Mining For Genes, Not By The Porpoise’s Chin, Chicken From Hell, Dogs Dig Odors, Python GPS, Old Faithful Owl Monkeys, Sharing Is Caring For Parrots, Sleep For Your Brain, Killing Pain With Cone Snails, Interview w/ BICEP2 co-leader Dr. Chao-lin Kuo, And Much More

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This Week in Science
Coming Up Next…

Mining For Genetic Expression
It’s not just what genes you’ve got, but how they are expressed that matters. At Berkeley Lab, researchers created the largest analysis to date of the transcriptome (the RNA that tells DNA to make something) using fruit flies, which are used as a model organism for human disease because they are similar in many genetic respects. They found new genes and rare RNAs involved in many tissues, unexpected complexity within the nervous system and brain, and surprising new aspects to the stress response.

Porpoise Gots Chin
An extinct California porpoise had an elongated chin, called a symphysis, measuring 83-84 cm longer than its closest living relative, the Crown porpoise. Researchers used CT scanning to discover it had significant internal nerve tracts that would have made the chin very sensitive, and allowed it to transmit all sorts of information to the porpoise as it probed the sea floor for food.

The Chicken From Hell
North America was once home to a giant demon chicken.

Your dog
digs your odor

Pythons have a GPS
What are they, pigeons?!

Owl monkeys are faithful
No cheating for these primates!

Parrots share
If they know it will benefit them in the long run…

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GUEST INTERVIEW: Dr. Chao-lin Kuo from Stanford University and the BICEP2 experiment in Antarctica that recently detected evidence of the Big Bang.
Stanford SLAC press release

http://www.theguardian.com/science/2014/mar/17/bicep2-how-hot-big-bang-science-dark-energy
https://www.simonsfoundation.org/quanta/20140317-possible-echo-of-big-bang-detected/

Chao-lin telling Andrei Linde about discovery (Video)

More Science!!!
Sleep loss causes permanent damage
Up to 25% of neurons died in the locus coerulus of mice on sleep schedule similar to that of people on shift-work. Making up for lost sleep by sleeping more did not repair the damage.

Cone snail Venom Kills Pain

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13 March, 2014 – Episode 455 – This Week in Science

March 19th, 2014
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Water Everywhere, Time Matters To Brains, Tiny Arctic T-Rex, Parents Care Longtime, Spider Ant Bodyguards, Pachyderm Linguists, Sexy Cannibal Dinner, World Robot Domination, Two Kinds Of O, People Don’t Know Water, Hangovers Tech Nothing, Animals See Power, Monkey Segregation, And Much More…

Disclaimer disclaimer disclaimer
Science is amazing!
Science is evolving!
Science is the sum of trial minus error over time.
Hits minus misses.
But don’t diss the miss.
The miss is important,
almost as important as the hit.
The miss tells us where we are moving in the wrong direction, studying the wrong thing and it might even show us a hit we didn’t even think of.
We all want the hits, but the credit should go to all the misses we’ve befriended, who have pointed us on our journey to Hitsville and waved us on our way.
Here’s to the miss, hero of science.
But don’t miss
This Week in Science…
Coming up next!

Many thanks to Tony Steele for this episode’s Disclaimer!

Water Everywhere
Water found bound within a diamond suggests that much of our Earth consists of water.

Time Matters
Brain scans confirmed that the hippocampus categorizes memories by context, the who, what, when, where, and how of an event. When the order of events was changed researchers detected changes in the electrical patterns of the brain.

Tiny Arctic Dino
We don’t know if it was cute, but there was a pygmy T-Rex dinosaur living in the arctic many millions of years ago. And, by pygmy, we mean still taller than any of us.

Spider uses ant as bodyguard
What a pathetic spider! Can’t even fight his own battles!

Elephants are linguists
Elephants know different human languages

Cannibalism is sexy
… if you’re a spider

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WORld Robot Domination
We Will Obey
Would you obey a robot master? Many people will!
Fish Are Robots Too!
Robotic fish get smooth moves from gas hydraulics and silicone.

Two Kinds For Ladies
Of the Big ‘O’, that is… we discuss the news in an adult fashion, of course.

How much Water do you use?
Really, you are bad at estimating your actual water use. But, try to think more about being efficient, especially if you live in California.

Hangovers Teach Nothing
So, if you do drink, know that past hangovers won’t dissuade you from future drunks.

Animals can see power
Power lines flash and spark and have halos in the animal world. No wonder they avoid them.

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